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Related Experiment Videos

Effects of mindset on positive illusions

S E Taylor1, P M Gollwitzer

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1563, USA.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Mentally healthy individuals may not always have positive illusions. Realistic thinking is used for goal setting, while positive thinking aids goal implementation.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • The concept of
  • positive illusions
  • ] suggests mentally healthy individuals maintain optimistic self-perceptions.
  • Purpose_of_the_Study': [
  • Investigate the relationship between deliberative-implemental mindsets and the presence of positive illusions.
  • Determine if individuals in a deliberative mindset exhibit fewer positive illusions compared to those in an implemental mindset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the relationship between deliberative-implemental mindsets and the presence of positive illusions.
  • Determine if individuals in a deliberative mindset exhibit fewer positive illusions compared to those in an implemental mindset.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were assigned to either a deliberative or implemental mindset condition.
  • Assessments included mood, self-perception, and perceived risk.
  • Mindset manipulation was validated by its correspondence to actual decision-making and implementation.

Main Results:

  • Deliberative mindset induction led to lower mood, increased perceived risk, and poorer self-perceptions.
  • Implemental mindset was associated with fewer negative outcomes compared to deliberation.
  • Control group results typically fell between the deliberative and implemental conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Mindset influences cognitive biases, specifically positive illusions.
  • Realistic thinking is employed during goal-setting (deliberative phase).
  • Optimistic thinking is utilized during goal-implementation (implemental phase).

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