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Related Experiment Videos

The association of apolipoprotein E polymorphism with memory: a population based study

E L Helkala1, K Koivisto, T Hänninen

  • 1Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.

Neuroscience Letters
|May 26, 1995
PubMed
Summary

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The apolipoprotein E (APOE) E2 allele is linked to better learning and memory in non-demented elderly individuals. Other APOE phenotypes, particularly E4, may be associated with cognitive decline, potentially due to genetic factors.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • The apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele is a known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • The APOE epsilon 2 allele has been linked to increased survival and longevity.
  • The relationship between APOE genotype and cognitive function in non-demented elderly populations requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism and cognitive efficiency in a cohort of non-demented elderly subjects.
  • To determine if specific APOE phenotypes correlate with variations in episodic memory, semantic memory, constructional abilities, and attention.

Main Methods:

  • A random sample of 916 non-demented elderly subjects was analyzed.
  • Cognitive functions assessed included episodic memory (list learning, figure recall), semantic memory (fluency tests), constructional abilities (figure copying), and attention (Trail Making Tests A and B).

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  • Subjects were genotyped for apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism.

    • Main Results:

    • Subjects with APOE E2/2 and E2/3 phenotypes demonstrated superior learning abilities compared to those with E2/4, E3/4, or E4/4 phenotypes.
    • No significant association was found between impaired memory and cardiovascular diseases in subjects with APOE E2/4, E3/4, or E4/4 phenotypes.
    • These findings suggest a potential genetic component influencing cognitive performance related to APOE genotype.

    Conclusions:

    • APOE genotype significantly influences cognitive efficiency, particularly learning ability, in non-demented elderly individuals.
    • The APOE E2 allele appears to be associated with better cognitive performance, while E4 may be linked to cognitive impairment.
    • The observed cognitive differences related to APOE phenotypes are likely influenced by genetic factors rather than solely by cardiovascular health.