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The grandiose character, primary type

J S Bernstein

    Psychoanalytic Review
    |April 1, 1995
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study defines the primary grandiose character, distinct from reactive types, highlighting early parental treatment as a key factor. Treatment involves developing self-observation to overcome reliance on others and manage grandiose rage.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Psychoanalytic Theory
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • The concept of grandiosity in personality is well-established, but the primary grandiose character remains underexplored in existing literature.
    • Existing literature primarily focuses on the reactive grandiose character, a subtype that intensifies grandiosity defensively against later pain.
    • Parental overindulgence and excessive support can foster a primary grandiose character who demands external validation and struggles with self-regulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To formally elucidate the diagnostic entity of the primary grandiose character.
    • To differentiate primary grandiosity from reactive grandiosity.
    • To outline the developmental origins and therapeutic challenges associated with the primary grandiose character.

    Main Methods:

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    • Conceptual analysis and theoretical elucidation of the primary grandiose character.
    • Contrastive analysis between primary and reactive grandiose character types.
    • Description of clinical presentation and psychoanalytic treatment dynamics for the primary grandiose character.

    Main Results:

    • The primary grandiose character develops from early parental treatment, leading to a persistent need for external succor and difficulty with internal regulation.
    • Individuals with primary grandiosity present with anxiety and depression, demanding the analyst to observe and fix their issues, rather than engaging in self-observation.
    • Therapeutic progress involves the analysand recognizing their grandiosity and shifting reliance from the analyst's observing ego to their own.

    Conclusions:

    • Primary grandiosity, rooted in early developmental experiences, underlies various diagnostic entities and clinical behaviors.
    • The core defense mechanism may precede repression, possibly linked to biological irritability.
    • Successful treatment necessitates the development of the patient's own observing ego, overcoming grandiose rage and fostering self-reliance.