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Gender differences in depression in primary care

J B Williams1, R L Spitzer, M Linzer

  • 1Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032, USA.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
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Women experience depression more frequently than men, often leading to antidepressant prescriptions. This study highlights significant gender disparities in mood disorders and functional impairment within primary care settings.

Area of Science:

  • Primary care research
  • Mental health
  • Gender studies

Background:

  • Depression is a prevalent mental health condition.
  • Understanding gender differences in depression is crucial for effective primary care.
  • Existing research suggests potential disparities in diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender-based differences in the occurrence and presentation of depression.
  • To evaluate the utility of the PRIME-MD tool in primary care for diagnosing mood disorders.
  • To assess gender-related variations in functional status among primary care patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1000 primary care patients participated in the study.
  • The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used as a self-assessment tool.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Physicians utilized the Clinician Evaluation Guide's mood module for diagnosis.
  • Functional status was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-20).

    • Main Results:

    • Women were diagnosed with mood disorders more frequently (31%) than men (19%).
    • Antidepressant prescriptions were exclusively initiated for women.
    • Women reported poorer health and greater functional impairment compared to men.

    Conclusions:

    • Women are significantly more prone to depressive disorders and antidepressant prescriptions than men.
    • Further investigation is required to understand the reasons behind women's higher burden of depressive symptoms and functional limitations.
    • The findings underscore the need for gender-sensitive approaches in primary care for depression management.