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Related Experiment Videos

Bioprosthetic valve tissue viscoelasticity: implications on accelerated pulse duplicator testing

I Vesely1, D R Boughner, J Leeson-Dietrich

  • 1John P. Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Heart valve tissue exhibits significant rate-dependent viscoelastic behavior, with higher strain rates causing more stress relaxation. This finding impacts the design and testing of artificial heart valves, suggesting current methods may not accurately predict durability.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Current understanding of heart valve mechanics relies on low strain-rate studies, which do not reflect physiological conditions.
  • Physiological loading rates during the cardiac cycle are significantly higher than those typically used in mechanical testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the viscoelastic behavior of porcine aortic valve cusps at high strain rates.
  • To compare stress relaxation under low and high strain-rate conditions.
  • To assess the implications of rate-dependent behavior for heart valve design and accelerated testing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a high-speed materials testing system to evaluate porcine aortic valve cusps.
  • Tested tissue samples at extension rates up to 40 mm/s.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured stress relaxation by stretching tissue strips and holding them in a fixed position.

    • Main Results:

    • At high strain rates, 25% of initial stress dissipated within 1 second, compared to only 6% at low strain rates.
    • Demonstrated significant rate-dependent viscoelastic behavior in valve cusp tissue.
    • Identified potential discrepancies between accelerated pulse testing and physiological loading conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Heart valve mechanics are significantly influenced by strain rate, a factor often overlooked in current valve design.
    • Accelerated pulse testing may not accurately predict valve durability due to differences in stress relaxation and baseline preload.
    • Further research is needed to understand stress-induced failure mechanisms in biological tissues for improved valve testing protocols.