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Interim outcomes for a community-based program to prevent perinatal HIV transmission

J S Santelli1, D D Celentano, C Rozsenich

  • 1Division of Adolescent and School Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.

AIDS Education and Prevention : Official Publication of the International Society for AIDS Education
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
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The APPLE project increased condom use among women to prevent perinatal HIV transmission. Community outreach and media materials positively influenced social norms and condom accessibility.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Behavior
  • HIV/AIDS Prevention

Background:

  • Perinatal HIV transmission remains a significant global health concern.
  • Community-based interventions are crucial for preventing HIV infection in women.
  • Cognitive social learning theory provides a framework for behavior change programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a community-based program (APPLE project) aimed at preventing perinatal HIV infection.
  • To test a primary prevention model using street outreach and small media to increase condom use among women.
  • To assess the impact of the intervention on community perceptions, social norms, and condom use.

Main Methods:

  • A quasi-experimental, two-community, time series design was employed for program evaluation.
Keywords:
Age FactorsAmericasBarrier MethodsBlacks--womenCommunicationCondomContraceptionContraceptive MethodsCultural BackgroundDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesDiseasesEducationEthnic GroupsFamily PlanningHealth EducationHiv Infections--prevention and controlInfantMarylandMass MediaNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaOrganization And AdministrationPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPrinted MediaProgram EvaluationProgramsProgress ReportResearch MethodologySampling StudiesStudiesSurveysUnited StatesViral DiseasesYouth

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  • Formative research informed the development of culturally relevant media materials and outreach strategies.
  • Annual street surveys assessed program reach, name recognition, and self-reported behaviors.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant APPLE project name recognition (40%), media contact (63%), and outreach contact (36%) were observed after two years.
    • The intervention community showed more positive social norms regarding condom acceptability.
    • Condom use at last sexual encounter significantly increased in the intervention community compared to the control community.

    Conclusions:

    • Community-based interventions integrating street outreach and targeted media can effectively increase condom use.
    • Positive shifts in social norms contribute to the success of HIV prevention programs.
    • The APPLE project demonstrates a viable model for preventing HIV infection in women and reducing perinatal transmission.