Related Experiment Videos
Myelopeptides: bone marrow regulatory mediators
R V Petrov1, A A Mikhailova, L A Fonina
1Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.
Abstract:
Bone marrow cells of various animal species and men produce a group of bioregulatory peptides called myelopeptides (MPs). A highly purified MP fraction and some individual molecules have been isolated from the supernatant of porcine bone marrow cell cultures by reverse phase chromatography. MPs have a wide spectrum of functional activities: immunoregulatory, differentiating and opiate-like. They evoke 2.5-fold stimulation of antibody production to various antigens. They correct some immune defects in MRL/lpr mice with spontaneous autoimmune disorders that results in 2-fold prolongation of the life span of these mice. MPs influence the differentiation of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells derived from healthy and leukemic donors. They induce terminal differentiation in the leukemic human HL-60 cell line. MPs also show an effect on pain sensitivity. A new immunocorrective drug Myelopid has been developed on the basis of MP mixtures. This drug is effectively used in Russia both in medicine and veterinary practice for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases accompanied by immunodeficiency. Two individual MPs were isolated and identified: Phe-Leu-Gly-Phe-Pro-Thr (MP-1) and Leu-Val-Val-Tyr-Pro-Trp (MP-2). MP-1 displays immunoregulatory activity; MP-2 abolishes the inhibitory effect of leukemic cells on T-lymphocyte functional activity. MPs seem to provide not only immunoregulation but also to participate in complex interactions between different systems in the organism.
Insights
Bone marrow cells produce bioregulatory peptides called myelopeptides (MPs). These peptides show immunoregulatory and differentiating activities, with potential therapeutic applications in immune disorders.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Bone marrow cells from humans and animals produce bioregulatory peptides known as myelopeptides (MPs).
- Myelopeptides possess diverse functional activities, including immunoregulatory, differentiating, and opiate-like effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize myelopeptides from porcine bone marrow cell cultures.
- To investigate the immunoregulatory and differentiating effects of myelopeptides.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of myelopeptides in immune disorders and cancer.
Main Methods:
- Reverse phase chromatography was used to isolate and purify myelopeptides.
- Functional activities were assessed through antibody production assays, studies on MRL/lpr mice, and differentiation studies on human HL-60 cells.
- Two individual myelopeptides, MP-1 and MP-2, were isolated and identified.
Main Results:
- Myelopeptides significantly stimulate antibody production (2.5-fold).
- MPs correct immune defects in MRL/lpr mice, prolonging lifespan (2-fold).
- MPs influence the differentiation of normal and leukemic bone marrow and peripheral blood cells, inducing terminal differentiation in HL-60 cells.
Conclusions:
- Myelopeptides exhibit potent immunoregulatory and differentiating activities.
- Myelopeptides hold promise for treating immune deficiencies and autoimmune disorders.
- The immunomodulatory drug Myelopid, based on MPs, is used clinically in Russia for prophylaxis and treatment.