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Renal dysfunction in multiple myeloma

M Uchida1, K Kamata, M Okubo

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|May 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Multiple myeloma patients with impaired renal function and Bence Jones proteinuria (BJP) face poorer survival rates. Early renal function significantly impacts outcomes in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma frequently impacts renal function.
  • Identifying factors affecting kidney health and survival is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate clinical factors influencing renal function and patient survival in multiple myeloma.
  • To analyze the relationship between initial renal function, specific clinical markers, and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 82 multiple myeloma patients.
  • Classification into three groups based on initial renal function (serum creatinine levels and dialysis status).
  • Comparison of clinical status, renal function, and survival across groups.

Main Results:

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  • Bence Jones proteinuria (BJP) was more prevalent in patients with worse renal function (Groups II and III).
  • Independent risk factors for renal dysfunction included BJP, hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia, and contrast medium administration.
  • Hypercalcemia was significantly higher in Group II (impaired renal function without dialysis).
  • Patient survival was significantly lower in Groups II and III compared to Group I (normal renal function).

Conclusions:

  • Initial renal function is a critical determinant of patient survival in multiple myeloma.
  • Bence Jones proteinuria is strongly associated with compromised renal function.
  • Clinical factors like hypercalcemia and hyperuricemia contribute to renal dysfunction in multiple myeloma.