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Lipid Digestion

Lipid Digestion

Lipids are large molecules that are generally not water-soluble. Since most of the digestive enzymes in the human body are water-based, there are specific steps the body must take to break down lipids and make them available for use.

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Lipid Vesicle-mediated Affinity Chromatography using Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (LIMACS): a Novel Method to Analyze Protein-lipid Interaction

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Analysis of calcium-lipid complexes in faeces

R W Owen¹, U M Weisgerber, J Carr

¹Division of Toxicology and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg.

European Journal of Cancer Prevention : the Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)

|June 1, 1995

Summary

Calcium supplementation increases fecal long-chain fatty acid soaps, potentially preventing colorectal cancer. This study developed a method to analyze these calcium-lipid complexes in human stool samples.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Nutritional Science
Biochemistry

Background:

Calcium is hypothesized to prevent colorectal cancer by forming insoluble complexes with bile acids and long-chain fatty acids in the colon.
A method to analyze these calcium-lipid complexes in feces is crucial for investigating this mechanism.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a method for quantifying calcium-lipid complexes in human feces.
To investigate the effect of calcium intervention on fecal calcium-lipid complexes in patients with adenoma.

Main Methods:

Organic synthesis of authentic calcium soaps of long-chain fatty acids and bile acids.
Quantification of calcium palmitate using 72% ethanol extraction and precipitation.
Application of the developed method to fecal samples from a placebo-controlled calcium-intervention study.

Main Results:

Human feces contain significant amounts of calcium long-chain fatty acid soaps, primarily calcium palmitate and stearate.
Calcium intervention significantly increased fecal long-chain fatty acid soaps (P = 0.005) but did not affect free long-chain fatty acid excretion (P = 0.4).
Formation of calcium long-chain fatty acid soaps depends equally on fecal long-chain fatty acid and calcium concentrations.

Conclusions:

The developed method can quantify calcium long-chain fatty acid soaps in human feces.
Calcium intervention effectively increases fecal long-chain fatty acid soap formation.
Calcium soaps of bile acids were not detected, suggesting they do not form or are not quantifiable by this method.