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Venography with carbon dioxide as a contrast agent
K L Sullivan1, J Bonn, M J Shapiro
1Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital/JeffersonMedical College, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
|May 1, 1995
Summary
Carbon dioxide (CO2) venography is a safe and feasible alternative contrast agent for patients unable to tolerate iodinated contrast agents or with poor quality studies. This imaging technique shows promise for various venous evaluations.
Area of Science:
- Vascular imaging
- Radiology
- Medical device technology
Background:
- Iodinated contrast agents are standard for venography but carry risks.
- Alternative contrast agents are needed for specific patient populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the feasibility and safety of carbon dioxide (CO2) as a venographic contrast agent.
- To determine the diagnostic utility of CO2 venography.
Main Methods:
- CO2 digital subtraction venography was performed in patients with contraindications or suboptimal results from iodinated contrast.
- Image quality and diagnostic accuracy were evaluated by experienced angiographers.
- Complications associated with CO2 use were recorded.
Main Results:
- High interobserver agreement was found for CO2 image quality (Ri = 0.80) and diagnosis (k = 0.62).
- CO2 venography provided adequate imaging for upper extremity veins in all patients.
- CO2 was effective for inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement in 78% of cases.
Conclusions:
- CO2 venography is a viable and safe alternative to iodinated contrast.
- It is recommended for patients with contraindications or suboptimal iodinated contrast venography studies.