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Change in the peripheral CO2 chemoreflex from rest to exercise

P Pianosi1, M C Khoo

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral chemosensitivity to carbon dioxide (CO2) doubles during heavy exercise compared to rest. This study measured the CO2 chemoreflex in healthy males, finding a significant increase in carotid chemosensitivity during exercise above the ventilatory anaerobic threshold.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Respiratory Control
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Peripheral chemosensitivity plays a crucial role in regulating breathing.
  • Previous models suggested potential alterations in chemosensitivity during exercise.
  • A single-breath CO2 test offers a method to assess peripheral chemosensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the peripheral chemoreflex response to CO2 at rest and during heavy exercise.
  • To investigate whether carotid chemosensitivity to CO2 increases with exercise intensity.
  • To evaluate the utility of a single-breath CO2 test in dynamic physiological states.

Main Methods:

  • Ten healthy adult males underwent an incremental exercise test to determine their ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT).

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  • Participants performed steady-state exercise above VAT, with arterialized venous blood sampled to confirm metabolic acidosis.
  • Carotid chemosensitivity was assessed using the ventilatory response to a single breath of 13% CO2 in air, both at rest and during exercise.

    • Main Results:

    • The peripheral chemoreflex for CO2 doubled from rest to exercise in the group of subjects (mean 0.096 l.s-1.kPa-1).
    • All individual subjects demonstrated an increase in carotid chemosensitivity during exercise.
    • The ventilatory response to CO2 was significantly higher during steady-state exercise above VAT.

    Conclusions:

    • The gain of the carotid CO2 chemoreflex increases significantly from rest to exercise.
    • Exercise at intensities above the VAT potentiates peripheral chemosensitivity to CO2.
    • The single-breath CO2 test is a viable method for assessing exercise-induced changes in chemosensitivity.