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Related Experiment Videos

Experimental neonatal colibacillosis in cows: serological studies

R A Wilson, J W Jutila

    Infection and Immunity
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Vaccinating pregnant cows against Escherichia coli enhanced passive immunity in newborns, protecting 77% from disease. Colostral whey antibody titers correlated with vaccine effectiveness, suggesting heat-liable factors are crucial for protection against bovine colibacillosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Immunology
    • Bacterial Pathogenesis
    • Maternal-Neonatal Immunity

    Background:

    • Bovine colibacillosis, caused by Escherichia coli, is a significant neonatal disease.
    • Passive immunity transfer from dam to neonate via colostrum is critical for protection.
    • Effective vaccination strategies for dams are needed to improve neonatal immunity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of different vaccine preparations in inducing passive immunity against bovine colibacillosis.
    • To assess the correlation between maternal antibody titers and protection in neonates.
    • To investigate the role of heat-labile factors in protective immunity.

    Main Methods:

    • Serological studies were conducted on 41 cows in a university herd.
    • Pregnant dams received prepartum vaccinations via subcutaneous and intramammary routes with killed bacteria, live bacteria, culture supernatant, or control.
    • Neonates were orally challenged with Escherichia coli strain B-44 to assess protection.

    Main Results:

    • 77% of neonates born to vaccinated dams showed strong protection against oral challenge.
    • Bacterial agglutinin and passive hemagglutination titers in colostral whey correlated directly with vaccine efficacy.
    • Heat treatment (56°C for 30 min) significantly reduced whey titers, suggesting heat-liable immune factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Vaccination of pregnant dams can effectively confer passive immunity to neonates against bovine colibacillosis.
    • Colostral whey antibody titers serve as reliable indicators of vaccine efficacy.
    • Heat-labile immune factors, potentially including the K antigen, likely play a vital role in protection.

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