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Related Experiment Videos

Transmitter interactions in rabbit internal anal sphincter

M A Knudsen1, E B Glavind, A Tøttrup

  • 1Department of Surgical Research 900, University Hospital of Aarhus, Denmark.

The American Journal of Physiology
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals nitric oxide (NO) and other nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) mediators are crucial for rabbit internal anal sphincter (IAS) relaxation, interacting with cholinergic nerves.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The internal anal sphincter (IAS) relaxation is vital for defecation.
  • Nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) pathways are implicated in IAS function.
  • Understanding NANC mediators and their interaction with cholinergic nerves is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the relative importance of NANC mediators in rabbit IAS.
  • To investigate the interplay between NANC mediators and cholinergic nerves in the IAS.
  • To elucidate the specific roles of nitric oxide (NO), apamin, and other NANC factors.

Main Methods:

  • Isometric tension recordings from rabbit IAS preparations.
  • Transmural field stimulation (TMS) at varying frequencies.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pharmacological blockade using N-omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), atropine, and apamin.
  • Assessment of exogenous nitric oxide (NO), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and ATP responses.

    • Main Results:

    • TMS induced significant frequency-dependent IAS relaxations.
    • L-NNA (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) reduced relaxations, partially reversed by L-arginine.
    • Atropine attenuated L-NNA's effect, indicating cholinergic involvement.
    • Apamin shifted the frequency-response curve but did not abolish maximal relaxation.
    • Even with L-NNA and apamin, residual relaxation persisted, suggesting other NANC mediators.
    • Carbachol shifted the control frequency-response curve rightward.
    • Exogenous NO response was unaffected by carbachol, while VIP and ATP responses were reduced.

    Conclusions:

    • Nitric oxide is a major NANC mediator in rabbit IAS relaxation.
    • Cholinergic nerves modulate NO-mediated relaxation.
    • Other NANC mediators, potentially including ATP and VIP, also contribute to IAS relaxation.
    • The interplay between NO, cholinergic, and other NANC pathways regulates IAS function.