Cat brain cytochrome-c oxidase redox changes induced by hypoxia after blood-fluorocarbon exchange transfusion

We used rapid-scanning near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy (730-960 nm) to study the effects of graded or acute hypoxia on cerebral cytochrome-c oxidase (cyt aa3) redox state in blood-perfluoro-carbon-exchanged cats with somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) monitoring. In graded hypoxia [10 min each at fractional inspiratory O2 concentration (FIO2) 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, and 0.5], cyt aa3 reduction occurred at FIO2 0.6 when cerebral O2 delivery was < 3.5 ml.100 g-1.min-1. In acute hypoxia (FIO2 0.6 for 10 min), significant cyt aa3 reduction occurred from 5 to 10 min (cerebral O2 delivery 3.1 +/- 0.3 ml.100 g-1.min-1) and recovered with reoxygenation (FIO2 1.0). Cyt aa3 redox changes preceded or coincided with SEP alterations in both hypoxia protocols. These results demonstrate that cerebral cyt aa3 reduction occurs with severe reduction of cerebral O2 delivery, but no significant change in cerebral cyt aa3 redox state occurs with small reductions of cerebral O2 delivery. We conclude that substantial changes in cerebral cyt aa3 do not occur at physiological levels of O2 delivery and that current NIR clinical instruments would detect oxygen-dependent cerebral cyt aa3 redox changes only when O2 delivery is extremely compromised.