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Bovine immunodeficiency virus in stud bull semen
J W Nash1, L A Hanson, K St Cyr Coats
1Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, MS 39762, USA.
American Journal of Veterinary Research
|June 1, 1995
Summary
Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) can be present in bull semen. This study found BIV DNA in 82% of semen samples, suggesting artificial insemination may spread the virus among cattle.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Animal Lentiviruses
- Bovine Health
Background:
- Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) is a lentivirus found in cattle, potentially linked to lymphoproliferative disease.
- The transmission routes of BIV remain largely undefined.
- Artificial insemination is a widespread practice in dairy farming.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential of bull semen as a reservoir for BIV.
- To assess the risk of BIV transmission through artificial insemination.
Main Methods:
- Procurement of 11 cryopreserved bovine semen specimens.
- Isolation of leukocytes from semen samples.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification targeting a conserved BIV pol gene domain.
- Nucleotide sequencing for BIV confirmation.
Main Results:
- BIV DNA was detected in seminal leukocytes from 9 out of 11 specimens (82%).
- Nucleotide sequencing confirmed the presence of the BIV-specific DNA fragment.
- This indicates BIV can be harbored within bull semen.
Conclusions:
- Bovine bull semen can serve as a significant reservoir for BIV.
- Artificial insemination may play a crucial role in the transmission and dissemination of BIV in cattle populations.
- Further research is warranted to understand the full implications for bovine herd health.