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Influenza vaccination in the elderly

R Ganguly1, T B Webster

  • 1James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA.

Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|March 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Influenza vaccination rates were low among elderly veterans in a Florida nursing home, with only 34% vaccinated. Physician advice and patient knowledge significantly impacted vaccine acceptance, highlighting the need for more frequent reminders.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Elderly populations, particularly those in nursing home care units (NHCU), are at high risk for influenza complications.
  • Low influenza vaccination rates in high-risk groups pose a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding factors influencing vaccine acceptance is crucial for improving immunization coverage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze influenza vaccination status and identify factors influencing vaccine acceptance among elderly veterans in a Florida NHCU.
  • To determine the correlation between physician's advice, patient knowledge, and fear on vaccination rates.
  • To explore reasons for vaccine hesitancy in previously vaccinated individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A survey questionnaire was administered orally to 202 elderly veterans in a Florida VA NHCU.
  • Data collected included vaccination status, attitudes, perceptions, and reasons for non-vaccination.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant influencing factors.

Main Results:

  • Only 34% of veterans were vaccinated within the last 12 months, with unvaccinated individuals outnumbering vaccinated ones 2:1.
  • Vaccine acceptance was strongly influenced by physician's advice, with rates of 96.4% for yearly advice versus 0% for no instruction.
  • Fear of side effects (34.3%) and misconceptions (27.6%) were primary reasons for not vaccinating annually.

Conclusions:

  • Influenza vaccination rates are suboptimal in this high-risk veteran population.
  • Physician's consistent recommendation and addressing patient concerns are critical for improving vaccination coverage.
  • Targeted interventions addressing fear and misconceptions are needed to enhance annual influenza immunization.

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