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Occupational asthma caused by automated salmon processing

J D Douglas1, C McSharry, L Blaikie

  • 1Tweeddale Medical Practice, Fort William, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|September 16, 1995
PubMed
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Occupational asthma developed in 8.2% of workers at a new UK salmon processing plant. Exposure to salmon-serum protein aerosols, particularly linked to cigarette smoking, caused the asthma, but prompt action led to recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • A new salmon-processing plant in the UK experienced early reports of worker symptoms suggestive of occupational asthma.
  • A significant proportion of employees developed symptoms shortly after the plant's opening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and causes of occupational asthma among workers exposed to salmon-serum protein aerosols.
  • To identify risk factors associated with the development of occupational asthma in this cohort.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in managing occupational asthma.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was conducted among 291 employees to identify cases of occupational asthma.
  • IgE antibody responses to salmon-serum proteins were measured.
  • Risk factors including smoking, atopy, and working distance from aerosol sources were assessed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Intervention involved reallocation to low-exposure areas and improved ventilation.

    • Main Results:

    • 24 out of 291 employees (8.2%) were diagnosed with occupational asthma.
    • An IgE response to salmon-serum proteins was strongly associated with occupational asthma (p < 0.001).
    • Cigarette smoking was identified as the primary risk factor for IgE production and asthma (p < 0.001), outweighing atopy or allergic history.
    • Workplace reallocation and improved ventilation led to significant improvement in 11 workers, while 13 who left the exposure became symptom-free.

    Conclusions:

    • Occupational asthma can rapidly develop in workers exposed to salmon-serum protein aerosols.
    • Cigarette smoking is a critical predisposing factor for developing this condition.
    • Early recognition of symptoms and prompt reduction of aerosol exposure are crucial for preventing long-term pulmonary function decline.