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Bone-on-bone forces during loaded and unloaded walking

E B Simonsen1, P Dyhre-Poulsen, M Voigt

  • 1Institute of Medical Anatomy Section C, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Acta Anatomica
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
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Carrying loads increases ankle and hip joint forces during walking. Individual walking styles significantly impact these forces, potentially affecting joint health.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Locomotion
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Understanding joint loading during walking is crucial for assessing joint health.
  • Previous research has explored joint moments and forces, but interindividual variations under load require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify joint moments and bone-on-bone forces in the ankle, knee, and hip during unloaded and loaded walking.
  • To investigate the influence of carrying external loads (10 kg and 20 kg) on these joint parameters.
  • To identify interindividual differences in joint loading patterns and their potential causes.

Main Methods:

  • Seven healthy male subjects participated in the study.
  • Kinematic data were collected using 200 Hz filming, and kinetic data were acquired using a force platform.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Subjects walked under unloaded conditions and while carrying loads symmetrically in their hands (10 kg and 20 kg).

    • Main Results:

    • Peak joint moments and bone-on-bone forces increased significantly for the ankle and hip joints with added load.
    • Bone-on-bone forces ranged from 4.2 body weights (BW) at the ankle (unloaded) to 8.0 BW at the hip (20 kg loaded).
    • Two subjects exhibited markedly higher hip joint forces (14.4-15.1 BW) compared to others (<6.3 BW), linked to distinct joint moment distributions.

    Conclusions:

    • Peak joint moments are the primary drivers of peak bone-on-bone forces.
    • Significant interindividual differences in walking style lead to pronounced variations in joint forces.
    • The relationship between these observed loading differences and long-term joint degradation remains to be elucidated.