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Measles pneumonitis

P L Henneman1, D M Birnbaumer, C B Cairns

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, USA.

Annals of Emergency Medicine
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Adult measles patients with normal lung exams and chest X-rays can have elevated alveolar-arterial (A-a) gradients, indicating potential pneumonitis. Close follow-up or admission is recommended for these cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Measles can present with respiratory complications.
  • Alveolar-arterial (A-a) gradient is a measure of gas exchange efficiency.
  • Normal physical examination and chest radiography do not always rule out pulmonary pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of increased alveolar-arterial (A-a) gradient in adult measles patients with normal lung auscultation and chest radiography.
  • To identify potential subclinical pneumonitis in measles patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, descriptive case series.
  • Adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of measles were included.
  • Pneumonitis was defined by ED diagnosis, A-a gradient >30 mm Hg, or radiographic infiltrates.

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Main Results:

  • Of 75 measles patients, 43 (57%) had pneumonitis.
  • 27 of these 43 patients (36% of total) had normal lung auscultation and chest radiographs.
  • The median A-a gradient in pneumonitis patients was 42 mm Hg.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of adult measles patients with normal lung exams and chest X-rays exhibit increased A-a gradients.
  • These findings suggest subclinical pneumonitis.
  • Close follow-up and consideration for hospital admission are warranted for such patients.