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Breaking bad news: consensus guidelines for medical practitioners

A Girgis¹, R W Sanson-Fisher

¹New South Wales Cancer Council Cancer Education Research Program, Newcastle, Australia.

Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

|September 1, 1995

Summary

Clinicians need clear steps for breaking bad news. This study developed consensus-based guidelines for delivering difficult medical information, improving patient care communication.

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Area of Science:

Medical Communication
Clinical Practice Guidelines

Background:

Conveying bad news is a challenging clinical task.
Empirically founded information on breaking bad news is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop evidence-based guidelines for breaking bad news.
To incorporate multidisciplinary and patient perspectives into these guidelines.

Main Methods:

A consensus process was used for guideline development.
Input was gathered from a diverse group including oncologists, general practitioners, surgeons, nurses, social workers, clergy, human rights representatives, cancer patients, hospital interns, and clinical directors.

Main Results:

Guidelines for breaking bad news were developed through a consensus process.

Keywords:

Professional Patient Relationship

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The guidelines incorporated views from a wide range of healthcare professionals and patients.

Conclusions:

Further research is needed to assess patient and provider perceptions of guideline steps.
Controlled trials are required to evaluate the effectiveness of these guidelines in clinical practice and identify optimal strategies.