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The generation effect and the modeling of associations in memory
1Psychology Department, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA.
Memory & Cognition
|July 1, 1995
Summary
The Search of Associative Memory (SAM) model explains the generation effect in memory. A higher-order association model provided a better fit than an item-level model for recall data.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Human Memory Research
Background:
- The generation effect demonstrates enhanced memory recall for self-generated information compared to read information.
- The Search of Associative Memory (SAM) model offers a framework for understanding memory retrieval processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the applicability of the SAM model to experimental data on the generation effect.
- To compare the fit of higher-order versus item-level association models within SAM.
Main Methods:
- Applied the SAM model to data from two experiments manipulating encoding conditions (reading vs. generation) and learning procedures (incidental vs. intentional).
- Assessed memory performance using recognition, cued recall, and free recall tests.
Main Results:
- A higher-order association model demonstrated a superior and more parsimonious fit to the observed memory data.
- Encoding condition and learning procedure influenced memory performance, consistent with generation effect findings.
Conclusions:
- The SAM model, particularly a higher-order association structure, effectively accounts for the generation effect.
- Findings contribute to understanding memory retrieval mechanisms and the factors influencing the generation effect.
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