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Acute anterior uveitis: clinical and experimental aspects
1University of Toronto, Canada.
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
|June 1, 1995
Summary
Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is an eye inflammation. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 positivity and potential infections like Yersinia may contribute to its development.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Acute anterior uveitis (AAU), or iritis, is an inflammatory eye condition.
- Many cases are idiopathic, but some are linked to HLA-B27 and spondyloarthropathies.
- The role of infections, particularly Yersinia species, in AAU pathogenesis is under investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential role of HLA-B27 and infections in the development of AAU.
- To discuss the mechanism of uveitogenic peptide presentation in AAU.
- To review experimental models and their contribution to understanding AAU.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on AAU, HLA-B27, and infectious agents.
- Discussion of animal models simulating uveitis and arthritis.
- Analysis of peptide presentation mechanisms in spondyloarthropathies and AAU.
Main Results:
- Approximately 50% of idiopathic AAU patients are HLA-B27 positive.
- HLA-B27 positive patients may have associated spondyloarthropathies or no apparent rheumatic disorder.
- Animal models demonstrate that retinal peptides can induce uveitis.
Conclusions:
- HLA-B27 and infectious agents like Yersinia may play a role in AAU pathogenesis.
- Peptide presentation, similar to arthritogenic peptides, is a potential mechanism.
- Treatment for isolated AAU is typically topical with a good prognosis; systemic treatments are used for associated systemic disorders.