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Related Experiment Videos

The Escherichia coli heat shock response and bacteriophage lambda development

A Polissi1, L Goffin, C Georgopoulos

  • 1Département de Biochimie Médicale, Université de Genève, Switzerland.

FEMS Microbiology Reviews
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

The Escherichia coli/bacteriophage lambda system revealed key biological machines like transcriptional anti-termination and chaperone machines. These machines, including DnaK and GroEL, are conserved and crucial for phage lambda

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Microbial Genetics
  • Virology

Background:

  • The genetic interaction system of Escherichia coli and bacteriophage lambda has been instrumental in discovering essential biological machines.
  • Studies initiated with E. coli mutants inhibiting lambda growth and compensatory lambda mutations laid the groundwork for these discoveries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the composition and function of biological machines discovered through the E. coli/bacteriophage lambda genetic system.
  • To highlight the conserved nature and evolutionary significance of chaperone machines like DnaK and GroEL.
  • To explore the role of these machines in bacteriophage lambda's life cycle and host interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli mutants that impede bacteriophage lambda growth.

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  • Identification of compensatory mutations in bacteriophage lambda.
  • Biochemical purification and functional analysis of protein components within discovered machines.

    • Main Results:

    • Discovery of the lambda N-promoted transcriptional anti-termination machine (NusA/NusB/NusE/NusG host proteins).
    • Identification of the DnaK (DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE) and GroEL (GroES/GroEL) chaperone machines.
    • Demonstration of conserved function and structure for DnaK and GroEL machine members across evolution.
    • T4 phage gp31 protein substitution for GroES co-chaperonin activities.

    Conclusions:

    • The DnaK and GroEL chaperone machines play vital roles in lambda DNA replication, morphogenesis, protein protection/disaggregation, and heat shock response autoregulation.
    • Bacteriophage lambda's reliance on E. coli's heat shock response is linked to its lytic/lysogenic lifestyle choices.
    • The discovered machines represent fundamental cellular machinery with broad biological implications.