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Consciousness: a neurobiological approach

B H Turner1, M E Knapp

  • 1Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, USA.

Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science : the Official Journal of the Pavlovian Society
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Understanding consciousness requires integrating neurobiology with mental events. Key brain structures like the reticular activating system and hippocampus are crucial for mental responsivity and awareness.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neurobiology

Background:

  • Consciousness and disorders of consciousness require integration with the neurobiology of mental events.
  • Understanding consciousness is complex and depends on its definition.
  • Existing research highlights the involvement of specific brain structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review animal and human research on the neurobiology of consciousness.
  • To identify critical anatomical structures in the central nervous system required for consciousness.
  • To differentiate neural requirements based on varying definitions of consciousness.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of existing animal and human research.
  • Analysis of neurobiological data related to consciousness.
  • Synthesis of findings to identify essential brain structures.

Main Results:

  • The reticular activating system is essential for consciousness in the general sense of mental responsivity.
  • The anterior temporal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus are critical for consciousness defined as awareness of sensory experiences.
  • No neural evidence supports the existence of "higher" consciousness.

Conclusions:

  • Consciousness is underpinned by specific neurobiological structures.
  • The definition of consciousness dictates the identified neural correlates.
  • Further research may clarify the neural basis of different facets of consciousness.

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