Health effects related to releases of hazardous substances on the Superfund priority list

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry maintains an active, state-based surveillance system to record the public health consequences of hazardous substance releases. During 1992, the 9 participating states reported 1,876 events; 80% of the events occurred at fixed facilities, and 20% were transportation related. The most frequently released substances were volatile organic compounds, acids, herbicides, and ammonia. In 263 events, 600 people were injured and 4 died. Employees were injured more frequently (71%) than first responders or the general public. The most frequently reported injuries were respiratory and eye irritation. Evacuations occurred in 13% of the events. These results provide information for preparedness planning and training of first responders and employees.