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A Method for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Ethanol in Rats without Water Deprivation, Saccharin Fading or Extended Access Training
Published on: January 29, 2017
Effect of naltrexone on human alcohol consumption
1Department of Psychiatry, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, USA.
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|January 1, 1995
Summary
Naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, reduces alcohol consumption and relapse rates in alcohol-dependent individuals when combined with therapy. This treatment may work by altering alcohol's rewarding effects, potentially mediated by endogenous opioids.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Opioid systems influence alcohol consumption in humans and animals.
- Opioid antagonists, like naltrexone, show promise in reducing alcohol intake.
- Alcohol dependence involves complex neurobiological mechanisms, including the role of endogenous opioids.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the potential mechanisms of action for naltrexone in treating alcohol dependence.
- To review animal and human studies supporting naltrexone's efficacy in alcohol dependence treatment.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing animal and human studies on opioid antagonists and alcohol consumption.
- Analysis of neurobiological evidence regarding naltrexone's effects on alcohol's reinforcing properties.
Main Results:
- Controlled trials show naltrexone combined with therapy decreases alcohol consumption and relapse in alcohol-dependent subjects.
- Evidence suggests naltrexone modifies the reinforcing effects of alcohol, possibly by interacting with endogenous opioid pathways.
Conclusions:
- Naltrexone, as an opioid antagonist, is a viable therapeutic option for alcohol dependence.
- Further research into naltrexone's neurobiological mechanisms may enhance its application in addiction treatment.
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