Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 10, 2026

Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation
07:48

Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation

Published on: May 16, 2016

[Endotoxemia in crush syndrome]

V N Kasatkin, E S Kanaeva, A Iu Maetnikov

    Khirurgiia
    |January 1, 1995
    PubMed

    Insights

    Crush syndrome in children following earthquakes leads to high mortality. Infusing plasma with antibodies to endotoxin improved patient outcomes, reducing endotoxemia duration and enhancing recovery in pediatric mass catastrophe casualties.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric critical care medicine
    • Trauma and emergency medicine
    • Immunology and infectious diseases

    Background:

    • Crush syndrome significantly increases mortality rates in mass catastrophe casualties.
    • Pediatric crush syndrome presents unique challenges in treatment and outcomes.
    • Endotoxemia is a critical factor contributing to the severity of crush syndrome.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the efficacy of antibody titer (TA) to endotoxin in treating pediatric crush syndrome.
    • To evaluate the impact of plasma infusion with naturally increased TA titer on clinical outcomes.
    • To assess the role of endotoxemia in the progression of crush syndrome in children.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 18 children (aged 9-14) with crush syndrome post-Armenian earthquake.
    • Monitored antibody titer (TA) to endotoxin levels.
    • Administered complex therapy and compared outcomes between a control group and an experimental group receiving plasma infusion.

    Main Results:

    • Children's condition worsened with a threefold reduction in TA levels by day 8 in the control group.
    • Experimental group receiving plasma infusion showed improved condition the day after infusion.
    • Endotoxemia clinical signs persisted for 10-12 days in the control group, versus rapid improvement in the infused group.

    Conclusions:

    • Plasma infusion with naturally increased antibody titer to endotoxin is a promising therapeutic approach for pediatric crush syndrome.
    • Early intervention with TA-rich plasma can mitigate the severity and duration of endotoxemia.
    • This treatment strategy offers a potential method to reduce mortality in mass catastrophe victims with crush injuries.

    More Related Videos

    A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats05:56

    A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats

    Published on: February 20, 2021

    Lipopolysaccharide Infusion as a Porcine Endotoxemic Shock Model05:52

    Lipopolysaccharide Infusion as a Porcine Endotoxemic Shock Model

    Published on: December 8, 2023

    Related Concept Videos

    Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

    Bacterial Gastroenteritis

    Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
    Cytotoxic Edema: Pathophysiology01:21

    Cytotoxic Edema: Pathophysiology

    Cytotoxic edema is a form of cerebral edema characterized by intracellular swelling of neurons, astrocytes, and other glial cells. It develops when the mechanisms responsible for maintaining ionic gradients across the cell membrane become impaired. Under normal physiological conditions, the sodium–potassium ATPase actively transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, preserving osmotic balance and enabling electrical signaling. This pump requires a continuous supply...
    Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

    Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

    Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...