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[Venous thrombosis in relation to central venous catheters: pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy, possibilities of
1II. interní klinika FN, Brno-Bohunice.
Insights
Central venous catheterization can lead to serious venous thrombosis complications. This review examines the incidence, types, and current treatment and prophylaxis strategies for catheter-related venous thrombosis.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Vascular Surgery
- Hematology
Context:
- Central venous catheterization is a common medical procedure.
- Catheter-related venous thrombosis (CRVT) is a frequent and severe complication.
- The exact incidence of CRVT remains unclear, with studies reporting varying rates.
Purpose:
- To review the incidence of catheter-related venous thrombosis.
- To describe the different types of catheter-related thrombosis.
- To discuss current treatment and prophylaxis options for CRVT.
Summary:
- Analysis of 23 studies indicates a 3.3% incidence of CRVT in patients with central venous access devices.
- The authors observed a 3% incidence in their own patient cohort with implanted ports.
- Identified types of CRVT include mural thrombosis, fibrin sheath, and catheter tip thrombosis. Venography is a reliable diagnostic tool for upper-extremity deep venous thrombosis.
Impact:
- Provides a comprehensive overview of CRVT, aiding clinicians in risk assessment and patient management.
- Highlights the importance of understanding CRVT types for effective diagnosis and treatment.
- Informs clinical practice regarding the prevention and management of this significant complication.
Abstract:
Thrombosis represents one of the most frequent and severe complication of central venous catheterization. The incidence of catheter-related venous thrombosis is not well established. This complication was found in 3.3% patients in the analysis of 23 studies with central venous access devices-ports. We have found it in 3% of our patients with implanted port. The types of catheter related thrombosis are following: mural thrombosis, fibrin sheath, thrombosis on the catheter tip. Venography has been shown to be highly reliable in identification of upper-extremity deep venous thrombosis. The up-to-date possibility of treatment and prophylaxis of venous thrombosis associated with central venous catheters are reviewed in this paper.