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Related Experiment Videos

Carbon monoxide: a putative neural messenger

A Verma1, D J Hirsch, C E Glatt

  • 1Department of Neurology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 15, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Carbon monoxide, produced by heme oxygenase, activates guanylyl cyclase and regulates cGMP. Its neuronal localization suggests carbon monoxide may act as a neurotransmitter in the brain.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gaseous molecule known to activate guanylyl cyclase.
  • Heme oxygenase (HO) is the enzyme responsible for CO production.
  • Guanylyl cyclase activation leads to the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the localization of heme oxygenase mRNA in the brain.
  • To explore the role of carbon monoxide in regulating cGMP levels in neurons.
  • To determine if carbon monoxide functions as a neurotransmitter.

Main Methods:

  • In situ hybridization was used to detect messenger RNA (mRNA) for the constitutive form of heme oxygenase in brain slices.
  • Primary cultures of olfactory neurons were treated with zinc protoporphyrin-9, a heme oxygenase inhibitor.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Guanylyl cyclase activity and cGMP levels were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Constitutive heme oxygenase mRNA was found in discrete neurons throughout the brain.
    • The localization pattern of heme oxygenase mRNA mirrored that of soluble guanylyl cyclase mRNA.
    • Inhibition of heme oxygenase in olfactory neurons led to a depletion of endogenous guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP).

    Conclusions:

    • Carbon monoxide, similar to nitric oxide, may be a physiological regulator of cGMP.
    • The neuronal distribution of heme oxygenase supports a role for carbon monoxide in neuronal signaling.
    • These findings suggest that carbon monoxide could function as a neurotransmitter.