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Related Experiment Videos

Electronic article surveillance: a possible danger for pacemaker patients

B Dodinot1, J P Godenir, A B Costa

  • 1Centre Hospitalier University de Nancy, France.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Certain electronic article surveillance (EAS) systems pose risks to pacemaker patients. Magnetic fields from EAS devices can inhibit pacemakers, potentially causing dangerous asystole, especially in dual-chamber models.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiology
  • Electromagnetic Compatibility

Background:

  • Electronic article surveillance (EAS) systems are common antitheft devices.
  • Potential electromagnetic interference (EMI) from EAS systems raises safety concerns for pacemaker patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety of common electronic article surveillance (EAS) systems for patients with pacemakers.
  • To investigate the effects of different EAS radiation types on pacemaker function.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro study: 28 pacemakers with unipolar leads exposed to radiofrequency, magnetic, and pulsed electromagnetic fields.
  • In vivo study: 32 pacemaker patients (22 single-chamber, 10 dual-chamber) monitored during exposure to EAS fields.
  • Pacemaker function assessed for inhibition, reprogramming, and artifact sensing.

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Main Results:

  • Radiofrequency and pulsed electromagnetic fields caused minor, non-prolonged pacemaker effects.
  • Magnetic fields induced 'fixed rate' pacing in most pacemakers; inhibitions occurred at specific frequencies and movements.
  • In vivo, magnetic interference prolonged inhibition in 7/10 dual-chamber pacemakers, causing brief asystole in continuously paced patients.

Conclusions:

  • Certain EAS systems, particularly those emitting magnetic fields, can be dangerous for pacemaker patients.
  • Dual-chamber pacemakers without 'safety stimulation intervals' are susceptible to EAS-induced inhibition and asystole.
  • A new pacemaker-safe EAS circuit design has been developed based on study findings.