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Related Experiment Videos

Calcium channel antagonists reduce the cocaine-induced decrease in cardiac output in a subset of rats

M M Knuepfer1, C A Branch

  • 1Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri 63104.

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Calcium channel blockers like verapamil and nifedipine can mitigate cocaine

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Pharmacology
  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Intravenous cocaine administration can decrease cardiac output (CO) in some rats.
  • The cardiovascular effects of cocaine are variable, impacting heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressure (ABP), and CO.
  • L-type calcium channel antagonists are investigated for their potential to modulate these cocaine-induced cardiovascular changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of L-type calcium channel antagonists on cardiovascular responses in rats exhibiting cocaine-induced decreases in CO.
  • To determine if verapamil or nifedipine can attenuate the cardiodepressive effects of cocaine.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements included arterial blood pressure (ABP), heart rate (HR), and cardiac output (CO) using pulsed Doppler flowmetry in conscious, freely moving rats.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Systemic vascular resistance (SVR), stroke volume (SV), and rate-pressure product (RPP) were calculated.
  • Rats sensitive to cocaine's cardiodepressive effects (≥15% CO decrease) were pretreated with verapamil or nifedipine before cocaine re-administration.

    • Main Results:

    • Verapamil (150 µg/kg) and high-dose nifedipine (100 µg/kg) selectively reduced the peak decrease in CO and the increase in SVR following cocaine administration.
    • Low-dose nifedipine (25 µg/kg) had minimal impact on these cocaine-induced cardiovascular changes.
    • Neither verapamil nor nifedipine altered the pressor response to cocaine.

    Conclusions:

    • L-type calcium channel antagonists, specifically verapamil and higher doses of nifedipine, can selectively mitigate cocaine-induced reductions in cardiac output and increases in systemic vascular resistance.
    • These findings suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for managing cocaine cardiotoxicity in susceptible individuals.
    • The study highlights the differential effects of calcium channel antagonists on cocaine's cardiovascular impact.