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[Acute basophilic leukemia: a case report]

K Iehara1, E Tashiro, E Ashihara

  • 1Second Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.

[Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
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This case study details acute basophilic leukemia (ABL), a rare cancer. Despite treatment, the patient did not achieve remission and succumbed to complications, highlighting ABL

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Acute basophilic leukemia (ABL) is an extremely rare subtype of acute myeloid leukemia.
  • This report presents the fifteenth documented case of ABL in Japan.

Observation:

  • A 56-year-old woman presented with fever and petechiae.
  • Peripheral blood revealed a high leukocyte count (41,000/microliter) with 89% immature cells.
  • Bone marrow examination showed 96.2% immature cells, medium to large in size, positive for peroxidase, CD-13, and CD-33.

Findings:

  • Immature cells contained azurophilic granules and showed metachromasia with toluidine blue.
  • Electron microscopy confirmed basophilic granules.
  • Cells reacted to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3).

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Implications:

  • The patient was diagnosed with acute basophilic leukemia and treated with BHAC-DMP and B triple-V regimens.
  • Remission was not achieved, and the patient died from peritonitis and pneumonia.
  • This case underscores the challenges in treating ABL and emphasizes the need for further research into its pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.