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Related Experiment Videos

Exogenous tat protein activates human endothelial cells

F M Hofman1, A D Wright, M M Dohadwala

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.

Blood
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Tat protein activates endothelial cells, promoting leukocyte adhesion and potentially aiding HIV spread into tissues. This suggests Tat

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Area of Science:

  • Virology and Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Tat protein is a transactivator crucial for viral replication.
  • Extracellular secretion of Tat protein by infected cells suggests a role in HIV dissemination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential role of extracellular Tat protein in HIV dissemination into extravascular tissues.
  • To determine if Tat protein can activate human endothelial cells, influencing leukocyte interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of Tat protein's ability to activate human endothelial cells.
  • Assessment of endothelial cell expression of E-selectin and synthesis of interleukin-6 (IL-6).
  • Evaluation of synergistic effects of Tat protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on IL-6 secretion.

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Main Results:

  • Tat protein significantly stimulates human endothelial cells.
  • Stimulated endothelial cells express E-selectin, facilitating leukocyte adhesion.
  • Tat protein increases IL-6 synthesis, enhancing endothelial cell permeability, with synergistic effects with TNF-α.

Conclusions:

  • Extracellular Tat protein contributes to leukocyte binding and transmigration into tissues.
  • Tat protein may play a significant role in the dissemination of HIV-infected cells or virions into extravascular tissues.