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Quantitative EEG before and after open heart surgery in children. A significant decrease in the beta and alpha 2

E Hauser1, R Seidl, D Rohrbach

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Vienna, Austria.

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Quantitative EEGs reveal transient brain changes after open heart surgery in children. Most children showed temporary EEG alterations, indicating a mild, short-lived organic brain syndrome post-operation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Clinical Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Open heart surgery in children can potentially impact neurological function.
  • Understanding postoperative neurological changes is crucial for patient recovery.
  • Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) offers a method to assess brain activity objectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of quantitative EEGs (qEEGs) in detecting postoperative cerebral changes in children following open heart surgery.
  • To characterize the temporal patterns of EEG alterations in the early and later postoperative periods.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative EEG recordings were obtained from 30 pediatric patients before, and at 6, 11, and 44 days after open heart surgery.
  • EEG data were analyzed for changes in various frequency bands (delta, alpha 2, beta).

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  • Clinical neurological assessments and plasma electrolyte levels (sodium, chloride) were also monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • No new neurological signs of cerebral involvement were observed in 28 out of 30 children.
    • A significant decrease in beta and alpha 2 EEG bands was noted 6 and 11 days postoperatively.
    • An increase in the delta band was prominent at 6 days, with most EEG variables returning to baseline by 44 days.
    • Despite electrolyte fluctuations, EEG changes correlated with postoperative outcomes, suggesting a general, mild organic brain syndrome.

    Conclusions:

    • Quantitative EEGs can detect transient, usually mild, neurological alterations following open heart surgery in children.
    • These EEG changes indicate a common, short-lived organic brain syndrome after the procedure.
    • EEG monitoring may aid in assessing neurological recovery in pediatric cardiac surgical patients.