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Opiates, mast cells and histamine release

K E Barke1, L B Hough

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albany Medical College, NY 12208.

Life Sciences
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Opiates trigger histamine release from mast cells through a non-immunological pathway. This mechanism is distinct from known opiate receptors, suggesting a potential G-protein activation pathway for morphine and endogenous opiates.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Opiates are known to induce histamine release from mast cells, causing adverse effects like hypotension and pruritus.
  • The precise mechanism behind opiate-induced histamine release is not fully understood but is recognized as non-immunological.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pharmacological characteristics of histamine release induced by various opiates from mast cells.
  • To determine if known opiate receptors are responsible for opiate-mediated histamine release.

Main Methods:

  • A survey of histamine-releasing properties of diverse opiates on mast cells.
  • Pharmacological analysis to differentiate opiate-induced histamine release from receptor-mediated pathways.

Main Results:

  • The pharmacology of opiate-induced histamine release differs from that associated with known opiate receptors.
  • No evidence supports the involvement of functional opiate receptors on mast cells in mediating this histamine release.

Conclusions:

  • Opiate-induced histamine release from mast cells operates via a mechanism independent of canonical opiate receptors.
  • The findings suggest that basic compounds, including morphine and endogenous opiates, may release histamine by directly activating G-proteins, similar to other basic compounds.

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