Examination of the newborn infant
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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Published on: August 25, 2014
Insights
Child health surveillance involves monitoring physical, mental, and emotional development. Early screening for inherited disorders ensures prompt identification of potential health issues in newborns.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Developmental Psychology
- Medical Genetics
Background:
- Child health surveillance is crucial for monitoring holistic development.
- Healthcare providers must gather comprehensive parental and neonatal history.
- Early identification of developmental issues and inherited disorders is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the scope and importance of child health surveillance.
- To outline key information required during early child assessments.
- To emphasize the benefits of early screening for inherited disorders.
Main Methods:
- Professional monitoring of physical, mental, behavioral, and emotional growth.
- Collection of parental medical, drug, social, and family history.
- Assessment of pregnancy and delivery details, including neonatal status (urine/meconium passage, feeding).
- Utilizing modern testing for inherited disorders, especially inborn errors of metabolism.
Main Results:
- Established the comprehensive nature of child health surveillance.
- Highlighted the necessity of detailed historical data collection.
- Confirmed the availability and utility of screening tests for inherited conditions.
- Emphasized parental desire for confirmation of child's health or early problem detection.
Conclusions:
- Child health surveillance requires a multi-faceted approach.
- Thorough history and developmental monitoring are key components.
- Early screening for inherited disorders provides significant parental reassurance and timely intervention opportunities.
Abstract:
Child health surveillance means the professional monitoring of not only the physical, but also the mental, behavioural and emotional growth and development of children. Midwives, obstetricians and general practitioners should be able to carry out an examination. It is important to have information about the parents' medical history, drug history, social history and family history along with the pregnancy and delivery details. Some other points should also be noted at this early stage. Have any problems been identified already? Has the baby passed urine/meconium? Is the baby feeding well? It is now possible to test for numerous inherited disorders, in particular inborn errors of metabolism. The best rationale for screening is that parents like to hear that their child is normal and healthy or else know of any problems as soon as possible.
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