Beyond the Circumplex model: I. A moratorium on curvilinearity

Area of Science:

• Family Studies
• Psychological Assessment
• Systems Theory

Background:

• Olson's Circumplex Model is a key framework in family systems theory.
• The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES) are widely used to measure this model.
• Understanding the theoretical underpinnings of these tools is crucial for accurate family functioning assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the developmental history, structure, definition, and theory of Olson's Circumplex Model and FACES.
• To analyze the constructs of cohesion and adaptability within family systems.
• To critically evaluate the theory of curvilinearity in relation to effective family functioning.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive review of the literature on Olson's Circumplex Model and FACES.
• Analysis of cohesion and adaptability as multivariate constructs.
• Examination of the theoretical relationship between model dimensions and family functioning.

Main Results:

• Cohesion and adaptability are conceptualized as linear variables with systemic interactions.
• The developmental history and theoretical evolution of the model and scales were examined.
• Evidence supporting a linear relationship between model dimensions and family functioning was considered.

Conclusions:

• The theory of curvilinearity, proposing a non-linear relationship between cohesion, adaptability, and family functioning, is rejected.
• The findings support a revised understanding of the Circumplex Model's dimensions as linear.
• This has implications for the interpretation and application of the FACES measures in family research and practice.