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Persisting negative symptoms and information-processing deficits in schizophrenia: implications for subtyping

S A Castellon1, R F Asarnow, M J Goldstein

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.

Psychiatry Research
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients with persisting negative symptoms show stable information-processing deficits. Unlike those with transient or no negative symptoms, their cognitive function did not improve over one year.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Negative symptoms in schizophrenia are associated with cognitive impairments.
  • The stability of these cognitive deficits in relation to negative symptom trajectories is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether schizophrenic patients with persisting negative symptoms exhibit stable information-processing impairments.
  • To compare cognitive performance between schizophrenia subgroups with persisting, transient, or no negative symptoms over one year.

Main Methods:

  • 20 chronic schizophrenic outpatients were categorized into persisting negative symptom (PNS), transient negative symptom (TNS), or no negative symptom (NNS) subgroups based on Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale assessments over one year.
  • Visual information-processing abilities were assessed using the Span of Apprehension Test (SPAN) at baseline and 1-year followup.

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  • Performance on the SPAN task was compared across the three subgroups.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in SPAN performance were observed between the groups at baseline.
    • At the 1-year followup, the PNS group demonstrated significantly poorer SPAN performance compared to the TNS and NNS groups.
    • While SPAN performance improved in the TNS and NNS groups, it remained impaired in the PNS group.

    Conclusions:

    • Schizophrenia patients with persisting negative symptoms have stable, long-term information-processing impairments.
    • Information-processing deficits in schizophrenia may be linked to the persistence, rather than transience, of negative symptoms.
    • These findings highlight the importance of considering negative symptom trajectories in understanding cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.