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Characteristics of wheeze during histamine-induced airways obstruction in children with asthma
S Rietveld1, E H Dooijes, L H Rijssenbeek-Nouwens
1Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, The Netherlands.
Insights
Automated analysis of tracheal sounds can detect airway obstruction in children with asthma. Specific sound patterns accurately predict obstruction, aiding in early detection and management.
Area of Science:
- Respiratory Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
- Pediatric Pulmonology
Background:
- Developed an automated system for detecting airway obstruction through sound patterns in long-term recordings.
- Initial phase focused on tracheal sound recording during histamine-induced airway obstruction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze tracheal sound patterns for detecting airway obstruction in asthmatic children.
- To correlate identified sound patterns with lung function test results.
Main Methods:
- Recorded tracheal sounds in 29 children (8-19 years) with asthma during histamine-induced obstruction.
- Utilized continuous respiratory telemetry and computer analysis for sound pattern classification.
- Related sound patterns to forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) measurements.
Main Results:
- Identified five distinct tracheal sound patterns, with one sensitive and four specific to a >20% fall in FEV1.
- Presence of three specific sound patterns predicted >20% FEV1 fall in 87.5% of subjects.
- Inspiratory and expiratory sound patterns showed similar informativeness regarding airway obstruction.
Conclusions:
- Tracheal sound patterns offer precise differentiation of wheezes and sensitive, specific prediction of histamine-induced airway obstruction.
- Sound patterns can detect airway obstruction based on presence or absence, independent of direct proportionality to lung function test results.
Background:
An automated system has been developed for the detection of sound patterns suggestive of airways obstruction in long term recordings. The first step, presented here, was tracheal sound recording during histamine-induced airways obstruction.
Methods:
The tracheal sounds of 29 children aged 8-19 years with asthma were recorded during airways obstruction caused by histamine inhalation using a system for continuous respiratory telemetry and computer analysis. Sound patterns were analysed, classified, and related to airways obstruction measured by lung function tests based on the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1).
Results:
Five sound patterns were identified, one dominant sensitive and four specific to a fall in FEV1 of > 20%. The presence of at least one of three specific sound patterns during unforced respiration predicted a fall in FEV1 of > 20% in 87.5% of the subjects. The inspiratory and expiratory sound patterns were almost equally informative of airways obstruction.
Conclusions:
Wheezes can be differentiated with more precision than is currently accepted. Tracheal sound patterns are sensitive and specific predictors of histamine-induced airways obstruction. These patterns are neither invariably nor proportionally related to the results of lung function testing. However, they can be used for detection of airways obstruction on the basis of their presence or absence.