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Altered antioxidant status and increased lipid peroxidation in children with cystic fibrosis
B C Portal1, M J Richard, H S Faure
1Laboratoire de Biochimie, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France.
Insights
Children with cystic fibrosis exhibit lower antioxidant levels and higher oxidative stress due to malabsorption and inflammation. Nutritional deficiencies amplify reactive oxygen species toxicity in cystic fibrosis patients.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pediatric Medicine
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Cystic fibrosis (CF) involves infectious pathology and malabsorption.
- These conditions can exacerbate oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species (ROS).
- Micronutrient-dependent antioxidant systems are crucial for mitigating ROS damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To simultaneously evaluate antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation products in children with CF.
- To investigate the impact of malabsorption and inflammation on oxidative stress in CF.
Main Methods:
- Simultaneous analysis of antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation markers.
- Comparison between 27 children with CF and 17 healthy children.
- Measurement of plasma beta-carotene, glutathione peroxidase activity, organic hydroperoxides, thiobarbituric acid reactants, linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid.
Main Results:
- CF patients showed significantly lower plasma beta-carotene and reduced selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase activity.
- Elevated plasma concentrations of organic hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactants indicated increased oxidative stress in CF.
- Major lipoperoxidation substrates (linoleic and arachidonic acid) were significantly lower in CF patients.
Conclusions:
- Nutritional deficiencies in CF, stemming from malabsorption, amplify ROS toxicity.
- Inflammation in CF can further deplete antioxidant compounds, worsening nutritional deficits.
- Addressing nutritional status is critical for managing oxidative stress in cystic fibrosis.
Abstract:
Cystic fibrosis often combines an infectious pathology with a syndrome of malabsorption, both potentially capable of favoring the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species. This study was a simultaneous evaluation of the main antioxidant systems dependent on micronutrients and of lipid peroxidation products in 27 children with cystic fibrosis and 17 healthy children. Plasma of cystic fibrosis patients showed very low concentrations of beta-carotene (0.30 +/- 0.2 vs 1.63 +/- 0.5 mumol/g cholesterol, P < 0.0001) and a lower activity of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (263.6 +/- 42 vs 296.9 +/- 57 U/L, P = 0.028). In parallel, the higher plasma concentrations of organic hydroperoxides (171.5 +/- 54.4 vs 122.6 +/- 23.3 mumol/L, P = 0.001) and of thiobarbituric acid reactants (2.9 +/- 0.6 vs 2.4 +/- 0.3 mumol/L, P = 0.004) reflected oxidative stress in this pathology. In addition, in these patients the major substrates of lipoperoxidation were significantly lower, whether they be linoleic acid (2.26 +/- 0.8 vs 3.60 +/- 0.9 mmol/L, P < 0.0001) or arachidonic acid (0.55 +/- 0.2 vs 0.74 +/- 0.2 mmol/L, P = 0.006). These results suggested that nutritional deficiencies resulting from malabsorption could considerably amplify disorders related to toxicity of reactive oxygen species. These nutritional deficits could also be aggravated by the destruction of antioxidant compounds by the inflammatory process.