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Effect of fish oil treatment on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats

B H Ali1, A A Bashir

  • 1Desert and Marine Environment Research Centre, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE.

Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism
|January 1, 1994
PubMed

Insights

Fish oil supplementation partially protected rats against gentamicin-induced kidney damage. This study highlights fish oil

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Gentamicin is a common antibiotic with known nephrotoxic side effects.
  • Nephrotoxicity is characterized by kidney damage, elevated creatinine and urea levels, and tubular necrosis.
  • N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) is a biomarker for renal tubular injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of fish oil against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model.
  • To compare the efficacy of fish oil with olive oil in mitigating gentamicin-induced kidney damage.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were administered gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day IM) for 6 days to induce nephrotoxicity.
  • Fish oil (5.0 ml/kg/day PO) or olive oil (5 mg/kg/day PO) was administered for 10 days.
  • Serum creatinine, urea, urinary NAG activity, and renal histopathology were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Gentamicin administration led to increased serum creatinine and urea, elevated urinary NAG, and proximal renal tubular necrosis.
  • Concurrent fish oil treatment significantly reduced these markers, returning them to normal levels and ameliorating histopathological damage.
  • Olive oil treatment showed no protective effect against gentamicin nephrotoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Fish oil demonstrates a partial protective effect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
  • Fish oil may be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing or mitigating antibiotic-induced kidney injury.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms and clinical applications of fish oil in nephroprotection.

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