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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

Combined DNA-RNA Fluorescent In situ Hybridization (FISH) to Study X Chromosome Inactivation in Differentiated Female Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Published on: June 14, 2014
The X inactivation centre and X chromosome imprinting
1MRC Radiobiology Unit, Chilton, UK.
Paternally inherited X chromosomes are preferentially inactivated in certain cell types, a process called genetic imprinting. Evidence suggests the Xist gene plays a key role in this X chromosome inactivation mechanism.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Epigenetics
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Genetic imprinting is crucial for X chromosome inactivation.
- Paternal X chromosome inactivation occurs in marsupials and extraembryonic lineages of rodents.
- The X inactivation center is implicated in mediating this imprinting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence for the Xist gene's role in X inactivation.
- To explore Xist's imprinted behavior.
- To discuss differential methylation as the basis for imprinting.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing genetic and epigenetic research.
- Analysis of Xist gene expression patterns.
- Examination of DNA methylation patterns associated with Xist.
Main Results:
- The Xist gene is a strong candidate for mediating X inactivation center function.
- Evidence supports Xist exhibiting imprinted behavior.
- Differential methylation is a likely mechanism underlying the imprinting of Xist.
Conclusions:
- The Xist gene is central to imprinted X chromosome inactivation.
- Epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA methylation, are key to establishing the paternal X chromosome imprint.
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