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Cholera

J B Kaper1, J G Morris, M M Levine

  • 1Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cholera, caused by Vibrio cholerae, remains a global health challenge. Recent outbreaks and the emergence of the O139 serogroup highlight the need for continued research into its pathogenesis and vaccine development.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cholera historically involved Vibrio cholerae O1, primarily in Asia and Africa.
  • The late 20th century saw significant shifts, including outbreaks in South America (1991) and the emergence of a new pandemic strain, Vibrio cholerae O139 (1992).
  • The O139 strain impacted previously immune populations and spread globally, including to the United States.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of cholera.
  • To highlight recent advances in understanding cholera's molecular pathogenesis.
  • To discuss the development of novel cholera vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical microbiology data.
  • Analysis of epidemiological trends and outbreak investigations.

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  • Examination of research on Vibrio cholerae pathogenesis and vaccine efficacy.

    • Main Results:

    • Cholera epidemiology has evolved with new serogroups and geographic spread.
    • Significant progress has been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of Vibrio cholerae infection.
    • New vaccine candidates are under development to combat cholera.

    Conclusions:

    • Cholera continues to pose significant public health challenges.
    • Understanding molecular pathogenesis is key to controlling cholera.
    • Advancements in vaccine technology offer promising strategies for cholera prevention.