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Adaptive response and oxidative stress

D R Crawford1, K J Davies

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Albany Medical College, New York 12208.

Environmental Health Perspectives
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Cells can adapt to stress damage through prior exposure to lesser stress, a process called adaptive response. This involves synthesizing new proteins to build resistance against subsequent harmful exposures, observed in both bacteria and mammalian cells.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Stress response mechanisms
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Adaptive response enhances cellular resistance to stress damage via prior exposure to lower stress levels.
  • This phenomenon is conserved across organisms and induced by various cytotoxic agents, including oxidative stress.
  • Oxidative stress adaptation in bacteria involves the induction of numerous proteins, necessitating de novo protein synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the adaptive response to oxidative stress in mammalian cells.
  • To investigate the requirement of protein synthesis for adaptation to oxidative and other stresses.
  • To examine the cross-resistance patterns in oxidatively stressed mammalian cells.

Main Methods:

  • Pre-exposure of mammalian cells to sublethal oxidative stress.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of resistance to subsequent lethal doses of oxidants.
  • Evaluation of cross-resistance to various toxic agents like irradiation, heat shock, and heavy metals.

    • Main Results:

    • Mammalian cells exhibit adaptive response to oxidative stress, requiring prior exposure to a toxic oxidant dose for significant resistance.
    • De novo protein synthesis is essential for adaptation to oxidative and other stresses.
    • Oxidatively stressed cells display cross-resistance to diverse agents, including gamma/X-irradiation, heat shock, aldehydes, heavy metals, MNNG, N-ethylmaleimide, and heme.

    Conclusions:

    • Adaptive response to oxidative stress is a conserved mechanism in mammalian cells, analogous to bacteria.
    • Newly synthesized protective proteins play a crucial role in cellular adaptation.
    • Further understanding of oxidant adaptive response and involved proteins could offer clinical benefits.