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[Posttransfusion hepatitis: its beginning and disappearance]

A Sánchez Morrill1, G Robles-Díaz

  • 1Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán.

Revista De Gastroenterologia De Mexico
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Post-transfusional hepatitis (PTH) has seen a dramatic decrease in prevalence, from 65% in the 1960s to under 2% currently. This reduction is due to improved screening, donor selection, and viral identification, alongside advanced prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Post-transfusional hepatitis (PTH) historically posed a significant risk to recipients of blood products.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and causative agents of PTH has evolved considerably over decades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical and current status of post-transfusional hepatitis (PTH).
  • To identify key events influencing PTH incidence.
  • To explore alternative measures for PTH eradication.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical and current data on PTH.
  • Analysis of factors influencing PTH prevalence.
  • Evaluation of prevention strategies and alternative transfusion measures.

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Main Results:

  • PTH prevalence has declined from as high as 65% in the 1960s to less than 2% currently.
  • Key factors in this decline include donor screening, identification of Hepatitis B and other agents, and improved diagnostic assays.
  • Recognition of AIDS transmission and donor self-exclusion also contributed significantly.

Conclusions:

  • PTH development is multifactorial, involving donor, recipient, transfusion volume, and product type.
  • Significant advancements in viral detection, donor selection, and prevention strategies have drastically reduced PTH rates.
  • Ongoing strategies like virus inactivation, immunoprophylaxis, and alternatives to homologous blood (e.g., autologous transfusion) are crucial for continued progress.