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Pigmented villonodular synovitis: MRI characteristics
T H Hughes1, D J Sartoris, M E Schweitzer
1Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Abstract:
The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 26 patients with histopathologically proven pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), involving joints but excluding tendon sheaths, were reviewed retrospectively. The purpose of this study is to define the spectrum and frequency of MRI characteristics for PVNS using conventional spin echo (in two cases before and after intravenous administration of gadopentate dimeglumine) and also gradient echo techniques. A cystic variety is presented, the MRI appearances of which have not been found in a review of the literature.
Insights
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals key characteristics of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) in joints. This study details MRI findings, including a rare cystic variant, aiding in diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Orthopedic Imaging
- Musculoskeletal Imaging
Background:
- Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare, benign neoplastic proliferation of the synovium.
- Accurate diagnosis of PVNS is crucial for appropriate management and to differentiate it from other intra-articular pathologies.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a primary modality for evaluating joint abnormalities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the spectrum and frequency of MRI characteristics of intra-articular pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS).
- To identify and describe the MRI features of PVNS, including less common presentations.
- To establish a comprehensive understanding of PVNS on MRI for improved diagnostic accuracy.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of MRI scans from 26 patients with histopathologically confirmed intra-articular PVNS.
- Utilized conventional spin echo and gradient echo MRI techniques.
- Included pre- and post-contrast T1-weighted spin echo sequences in two cases.
Main Results:
- Detailed spectrum of MRI findings for intra-articular PVNS was established.
- Identified characteristic features such as nodular synovial thickening, hemosiderin deposition, and joint effusion.
- Described a cystic variant of PVNS with unique MRI appearances not previously reported in the literature.
Conclusions:
- MRI is highly effective in characterizing intra-articular PVNS.
- Recognition of the diverse MRI appearances, including the cystic form, is essential for accurate diagnosis.
- This study contributes to the understanding of PVNS imaging findings, aiding radiologists and clinicians.