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Human histologic tissue response after long-term orthodontic tooth movement

H Wehrbein1, R A Fuhrmann, P R Diedrich

  • 1Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälisch Technische Hochschule Aachen.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Histological analysis of maxilla tooth movement reveals bone changes depend on movement type and bone structure. Maxillary sinus proximity can lead to bone resorption, with histological findings exceeding radiographic detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Dental Histology

Background:

  • This study investigates histological changes in the maxilla following orthodontic treatment using an edgewise appliance.
  • The research correlates documented tooth movement with histological findings in a deceased patient's maxilla.

Observation:

  • Maxillary bone tissue changes, including apposition and resorption, were analyzed histologically.
  • The study examined the relationship between tooth movement direction, alveolar bone structure, and resulting tissue alterations.
  • Tissue changes near the maxillary sinus were specifically noted, with bone resorption observed in the subperiosteal layer.

Findings:

  • The extent and location of root-related tissue changes are dictated by the type of tooth movement and bone morphology.

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  • Bone apposition can occur in atrophied alveolar bone, while bone resorption is observed in the subperiosteal layer anterior to roots moving into the maxillary sinus.
  • Histological examination revealed more pronounced changes than apparent on radiographs, including potential bony dehiscences or fenestrations not detectable macroscopically.

    • Implications:

    • Histological analysis provides a more accurate assessment of orthodontic tooth movement effects than radiography alone.
    • Understanding these histological changes is crucial for predicting and managing potential complications during orthodontic treatment.
    • This research highlights the importance of considering bone structure and anatomical proximity, such as the maxillary sinus, when planning orthodontic interventions.