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Thyroid function in seasonal affective disorder

O Lingjaerde1, T Reichborn-Kjennerud, E Haug

  • 1Gaustad Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|January 11, 1995
PubMed
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Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) patients show normal thyroid hormone levels. Winter light therapy did not change triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (F-T4), or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, indicating no direct hormonal impact.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Psychiatry
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder linked to seasonal changes.
  • Thyroid hormones play a role in mood regulation and energy metabolism.
  • Previous research suggests potential links between thyroid function and SAD, but findings are inconsistent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate serum levels of key thyroid hormones in patients with Winter-SAD.
  • To examine seasonal variations in these hormone levels (winter vs. summer).
  • To assess the effect of light therapy on thyroid hormone levels in winter.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples were collected in the morning from Winter-SAD patients.
  • Hormone levels (triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (F-T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)) were measured.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurements were taken during the non-depressed summer state and during winter before and after light treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • All measured thyroid hormone levels were within normal reference ranges for all patients.
    • Serum T3 and F-T4 levels were significantly higher in winter compared to summer, a recognized seasonal variation.
    • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels did not show significant seasonal differences.
    • No significant correlation was found between hormone levels and the severity of winter depression.
    • Light therapy administered during winter did not alter serum T3, F-T4, or TSH levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid hormone levels in Winter-SAD patients remain within normal physiological ranges.
    • Observed seasonal variations in T3 and F-T4 are likely normal physiological responses, not directly linked to SAD pathophysiology.
    • Light therapy for SAD does not appear to directly influence thyroid hormone concentrations.