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Intense nutritional support in inflammatory bowel disease

S Wu1, R M Craig

  • 1Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Intense nutritional support may aid Crohn's disease remission, particularly in difficult cases. Enteral nutrition is preferred for inflammatory bowel disease over parenteral nutrition due to lower costs and fewer complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • The efficacy of intensive nutritional support for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains a subject of debate.
  • Enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) are primary therapeutic options for IBD patients.
  • Claims suggest EN may be as effective as PN in managing IBD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the role of parenteral and enteral nutritional support as primary therapy in inflammatory bowel disease patients.
  • To synthesize current literature on nutritional support strategies for IBD management.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and critical evaluation of existing literature.
  • Analysis of uncontrolled, non-randomized studies with short-term follow-up.

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  • Assessment of nutritional support in Crohn's disease and chronic ulcerative colitis.

    • Main Results:

    • Evidence suggests nutritional support may serve as an adjunctive therapy to medications for achieving remission in Crohn's disease, especially in corticosteroid-refractory patients.
    • Nutritional support plays a limited role in chronic ulcerative colitis, primarily for pre- and postoperative management.
    • No definitive data supports one nutritional support method (EN vs. PN) over the other.

    Conclusions:

    • Enteral nutrition is recommended over parenteral nutrition when feasible due to its lower cost and reduced complication risk.
    • Intensive nutritional support shows promise as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy in Crohn's disease.
    • Nutritional support has a more restricted application in chronic ulcerative colitis management.