Intraaortic spring coil loops: early and late results

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Interventions
• Interventional Radiology
• Vascular Surgery

Background:

• Coil embolization of aortopulmonary vessels can lead to intraaortic coil loops when lesions are near the aorta.
• The clinical outcomes and long-term fate of these intraaortic coil loops were previously unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the late consequences of intraaortic coil loops resulting from embolization procedures.
• To assess the incidence of complications such as emboli, endocarditis, or coil migration.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of cineangiograms from 53 patients with intraaortic coil loops after embolization of aortopulmonary collateral vessels or patent ductus arteriosus.
• Analysis of subsequent angiograms for coil position, movement, recanalization, and endothelial coverage.
• Review of hospital records and physician communication to identify late complications.

Main Results:

• Intra-aortic coil loops were associated with the closure of 59 aortopulmonary collateral vessels and 4 patent ductus arteriosus.
• Follow-up ranged up to 66 months; 9.3% of patients died peri-procedurally or from heart failure.
• Late angiography showed successful occlusion in most vessels with evidence of endothelial coverage of intraaortic coil loops, and no reported embolic events, endocarditis, or coil migration.

Conclusions:

• Coil embolization procedures can result in intraaortic coil loops, but endothelialization appears to be a common and protective process.
• No significant late complications were identified in patients with intraaortic coil loops, suggesting a favorable long-term safety profile.